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New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 页码 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5
China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.
关键词: two-child policy birth defects cesarean delivery placenta previa
唐运革,李飞成,韩立薇
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期 页码 82-85
目的:分析和预测生育政策调整对个体及社会带来的各种影响,及时防范这些影响可能导致的各种社会问题。方法:以广州市2 099对“单独二孩”登记夫妻群体为例,分析这一群体人口学等方面的特征。结果:符合“可生育二孩”政策的8万个家庭中受理申请者占26.7 %,有36.5 %的夫妇未确定生育第二胎的时间,35岁以上妇女占妇女总人数的15 %。结论:“单独二孩”政策的实施不会出现“人口暴增”现象,要特别注意高龄产妇生育风险的评估和保障。
Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China
Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 页码 21-29 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0744-2
关键词: hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission progress challenge
王代权,刘长艳,向琼,马代慈
《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期 页码 11-15
采取整群抽样调查方法,对2011 年1 月—2013 年5 月在秭归县、夷陵区计划生育服务站因非意愿妊娠而实行人工终止妊娠对象,通过查阅病历资料和调查问卷,了解非意愿性妊娠原因及相关因素。1 360例非意愿妊娠中,未婚为21.62 %,已婚为78.38 %;人群分布在20~39 年龄段(73.82 %);孕次分布主要在孕2~孕3 的对象为57.87 %;非意愿妊娠中避孕措施失败者为44.34 %,无措施者为55.66 %。避孕措施因素宫内节育器为10.51 %,避孕套为10.51 %,避孕药为8.24 %,外用为6.62 %,其他为8.46 %。存在侥幸心理和取出宫内节育器(IUD)后续措施没能跟进是无措施者导致非意愿妊娠的主要原因。避孕知识知晓率为98.90 %,对紧急避孕的知晓率仅为15.37 %,知道哺乳期需避孕者为18.38 %。医务人员、计生干部、宣传资料是已婚人群获取避孕知识的主要途径,农民及农民工对象获取免费服务高于城镇居民、国家工作人员、商业服务人员及外来流入人员。
LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng
《医学前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1
关键词: different relationship non-disease selenium KBD distribution
Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 310-316 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0658-9
关键词: environmental policy distributed environment policy distributed parameter model lumped parameter model
基于马尔可夫到达过程的两级可修备件(S-1,S)库存优化模型
陈 童,黎 放,狄 鹏
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第5期 页码 113-119
本文以两级可修备件库存系统为研究对象,采用马尔可夫到达过程(MAP)描述备件需求规律,考虑有限维修设施的情况,假设故障件维修时间、备件运输时间以及采购时间均服从phase-type(PH)分布,建立了一种描述能力更强、解析计算性更好的(S-1,S)库存优化模型,并推导出系统缺货量分布函数;然后通过算例演示了模型的优化效果,验证了模型的正确性和适用性。
China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook
《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 页码 400-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0862-z
关键词: carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) policy content analysis China
Yinglie ZHOU, Cunkuan BAO,
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期 页码 82-90 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0004-9
关键词: Policy Environmental Assessment (PEA) policy hierarchy PEA hierarchy methodological framework
Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges
Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin
《医学前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期 页码 315-320 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0146-6
关键词: clinical epidemiology evidence-based decision making policy
Moving policy and regulation forward for single-use plastic alternatives
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1423-5
关键词: Single-use plastic alternatives Policy Regulation Sustainable development
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 81-89 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019291
The sustainable intensification of agriculture involves providing sufficient food and other ecosystem services without going beyond the limits of the earth’s system. Here a project management approach is suggested to help guide agricultural policy to deliver these objectives. The first step is to agree measurable outcomes, integrating formal policy goals with the often much less formal and much more diverse goals of individual farmers. The second step is to assess current performance. Ideally, this will involve the use of farm-scale metrics that can feed into process models that address social and environmental domains as well as production issues that can be benchmarked and upscaled to landscape and country. Some policy goals can be delivered by supporting ad hoc interventions, while others require the redesign of the farming system. A pipeline of research, knowledge and capacity building is needed to ensure the continuous increase in farm performance. System models can help prioritise policy interventions. Formal optimization of land use is only appropriate if the policy goals are clear, and the constraints understood. In practice, the best approach may depend on the scale of action that is required, and on the amount of resource and infrastructure available to generate, implement and manage policy.
关键词: agricultural policy ecosystem services indicators of sustainable intensification knowledge exchange land use optimization
Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways
Yuelai LU, David NORSE, David POWLSON
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第1期 页码 98-105 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019298
This paper has three aims. First, to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development pathways. Second, to explore the policy objectives they have in common. Third, to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional mechanisms. The intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm practices. However, their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in common. These are set out in two main documents: the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment Plan. There are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring; the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound policies. To achieve this potential, it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第4期 页码 496-507 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0414-y
Perioperative parecoxib administration reduces postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and adverse events in adult patients. However, the efficacy and safety of parecoxib in children remain unclear. This meta-analysis included related published studies to address this concern. Eight databases in the literature until February 2015 were systematically explored to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing perioperative parecoxib administration and placebo/standard treatments for acute postoperative pain in children. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain scores and adverse events. The Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability scale was used to score pain in children younger than 6 years, whereas the Visual Analog Scale was used in children older than 6 years. Secondary outcomes were sedation scores (measured using the Ramsay scale), agitation scores (measured using the Sedation-Agitation Scale), and opioid consumption. The methodological quality of RCTs was independently assessed in accordance with the “Risk of bias” of Cochrane Collaboration. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.2. Twelve RCTs involving 994 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared with children who received placebo treatment, those who received parecoxib demonstrated lower early (2 h) and later (12 h) postoperative pain scores; lower incidence rates of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and agitation; higher early (1 h) postoperative sedation scores; and lower agitation scores. Similarly, children who received parecoxib had lower early (2 h) and later (12 h) postoperative pain scores, lower incidence rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and lower early (1 h) postoperative sedation scores compared with those who received standard treatments; however, these children showed no significant difference in agitation scores. Unfortunately, data on the effect of parecoxib on opioid consumption were insufficient. Overall, these results suggested that perioperative parecoxib administration was associated with less acute postoperative pain and fewer adverse events compared with placebo or standard treatments. Parecoxib administration also resulted in less emergence agitation compared with placebo treatment and less excessive sedation concern compared with standard treatments. However, the long-term effects, effects on opioid consumption, and patient satisfaction of parecoxib administration warrant further investigation.
关键词: NSAID cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor child pain postoperative opioid placebo
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China
null
期刊论文
Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China
Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu
期刊论文
Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease
LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng
期刊论文
Analysis of the current situation of environmental policy of China and establishment of distributed environmentalpolicy framework
Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI
期刊论文
China’s policy framework for carbon capture, utilization and storage: Review, analysis, and outlook
期刊论文
Hierarchical methodological framework to improve Policy Environmental Assessment: Based on policy layer
Yinglie ZHOU, Cunkuan BAO,
期刊论文
Translating evidence into policy in China: opportunities and challenges
Jiyao Wang, Xuejuan Jin
期刊论文
Towards the sustainable intensification of agriculture—a systems approach to policy formulation
Leslie G. FIRBANK
期刊论文
Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways
Yuelai LU, David NORSE, David POWLSON
期刊论文